Evaluación de la Sinergia de la Actividad Antimicrobiana de Cepas de Bacterias Lácticas Contra Patógenos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19137/cienvet202325101Palabras clave:
Español, Probióticos, Sinergia, Lactobacillus, Actividad AntimicrobianaResumen
Una de las propiedades biológicas más notables atribuidas a los probióticos es su actividad antimicrobiana. La investigación sobre probióticos se ha centrado tradicionalmente en cepas individuales, sin embargo, las combinaciones de cepas probióticas pueden tener un espectro de acción más amplio o efectos sinérgicos, potenciando su acción protectora. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar efecto sinérgico de cepas de bacterias lácticas aisladas de leche materna de diferentes orígenes sobre la inhibición de patógenos bacterianos de importancia en medicina humana y animal. Se emplearon combinaciones de siete cepas de bacterias lácticas juntadas en pares y se estudió su efecto inhibitorio sobre los patógenos bacterianos Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica ATCC 13076, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, y Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 y una cepa de E. coli enterohemorrágica. La combinación de las cepas TUCO-5E + TUCO-L2 fue la más efectiva en la inhibición del desarrollo de todos los patógenos evaluados, destacando su efecto sobre K. pneumoniae y A. baumannii. Cinco de las combinaciones evaluadas mostraron efectos sinérgicos en la inhibición de patógenos extraintestinales: a) se observó efecto sinérgico entre las cepas TUCO-5E + TUCO-L2 para la inhibición de K. pneumoniae y A. baumannii, b) efecto sinérgico para TUCO-5E + TUCO-2, TUCO-5 + TUCO-2, y TUCO-3 + TUCO-17 sobre K. pneumoniae y, c) efecto sinérgico para TUCO-16 + TUCO-17 sobre A. baumannii. Las combinaciones que mostraron sinergia en el efecto antimicrobiano son buenas candidatas para el desarrollo de probióticos multicepa para la prevención y el tratamiento de infecciones bacterianas específicas
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